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Jacaric acid is a conjugated linolenic acid (CLnA) that is found in high amounts in several natural oils, including Jacaranda mimosofilia seed oil. CLnAs contain 3 or 4 double bonds (which can be any combination of cis or trans) and predominantly 9,11,13- and 8,10,12-octadecatrienoic acid positional isomers. Research indicates that CLnAs posses strong antidiabetic, antiobesity, antiproliferative, and anticarcinogenic activities as well as a significant affect on lipid metabolism.(1) These physiological effects make CLnAs potential candidates as therapeutic agents, although more research is needed to verify previous findings.(2) Some studies suggest that punicic acid and other CLnAs can reduce adipose tissue in mouse models, making it potentially useful as a weight-controlling lipid.(3) CLnAs, including punicic, jacaric, and α-eleostearic acids, have been shown to suppress tumor cell growth through lipoperoxidation and apoptotic pathways.(4,5,6) It has been found that some CLnAs, such as punicic acid and jacaric acid, exert a potent anti-inflammatory effect through the inhibition of TNFα-induced priming of ROS production and inhibition of cyclooxygenase 1 (COX-1).(7,8)
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